| 1 | A toolkit for limited liability partnerships This note is a guide to PLC Corporate's limited liability partnership materials and includes links to all of PLC Corporate's limited liability partnership materials. A toolkit for partnership materials can be found here. | Practice note: overview | Maintained |
| 2 | Asset purchases: tax overview This note is an overview of the key tax implications of an asset purchase for the buyer and the seller. | Practice note: overview | Maintained |
| 3 | Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) An overview of the Construction Industry Scheme, known as the CIS. The CIS is a special tax deduction scheme originally created in 1972. It has taken several forms (and names) since then. It sets out a framework for deducting tax at source from certain payments relating to construction work. | Practice note: overview | Maintained |
| 4 | Discrimination under the Equality Act 2010: toolkit Most of the provisions of the Equality Act 2010 came into force on 1 October 2010. This toolkit contains links to the PLC materials concerning discrimination, harassment and victimisation under the Act. For information on discrimination law before the Equality Act 2010, see Pre-October 2010 discrimination law: toolkit. | Practice note: overview | Maintained |
| 5 | Disguised remuneration tax legislation (rewards from third ... The Finance Act 2011 introduced anti-avoidance legislation (Part 7A of the Income Tax (Earnings and Pensions) Act 2003) to counter the use of employee benefit trusts and other intermediaries to reward employees (or their family members) in a way that avoids income tax or NICs. HMRC referred originally to these arrangements as disguised remuneration (and this phrase is now widely used, but it is not in the legislation). Part 7A applies from 6 April 2011 and has the potential to tax many arrangements in addition to the targeted avoidance schemes. This note provides an overview of Part 7A. | Practice note: overview | Maintained |
| 6 | Employee share schemes: an introduction This note provides an overview of the various employee share option schemes and share incentive plans available to companies and a description of the tax treatment of each. This overview note is available to all PLC subscribers but contains links to more detailed PLC Share Schemes & Incentives content. | Practice note: overview | Maintained |
| 7 | Guarantees and indemnities This practice note examines legal and drafting issues relating to guarantees and indemnities where the obligations of a third party are guaranteed and/or indemnified. This practice note considers the legal distinctions between primary obligations (indemnities, performance guarantees, performance bonds) and secondary obligations (guarantees). It provides an overview of relevant contractual issues relating to guarantees and indemnities (the statute of frauds, capacity) as well as legal issues (undue influence, duress, role of directors). It also provides links to our more detailed content on performance bonds, payment guarantees, comfort letters and our standard form guarantees and indemnities. | Practice note: overview | Maintained |
| 8 | How to deal with the standard rate VAT increase on 4 January ... A guide for businesses on how to deal with the increase in the standard rate of VAT on 4 January 2011, from 17.5% to 20%. | Practice note: overview | Maintained |
| 9 | Limited liability partnerships (LLP): overview An overview of the structure and operation of a limited liability partnership (LLP) incorporated under the Limited Liability Partnerships Act 2000. This note contains the law from 1 October 2009. For details of the law applicable to limited liability partnerships before 1 October 2009, see Practice note, Limited liability partnerships: overview: pre-1 October 2009. | Practice note: overview | Maintained |
| 10 | Limited liability partnerships: materials A note on materials on limited liability partnerships incorporated under the Limited Liability Partnerships Act 2000. | Practice note: overview | Maintained |
| 11 | Overview of English employment law This note provides an introduction to the principal areas of employment law in England. | Practice note: overview | Maintained |
| 12 | Pensions in the UK: overview An overview of the pensions system in the United Kingdom. The note summarises the different types of pension arrangements available in the UK and looks at the legal and regulatory framework, as well as the tax rules applying and the regime for contracting-out of the state second pension. Typical provisions seen in a pension scheme's governing deed are discussed, along with brief details of the pensions aspects of corporate transactions. Finally, the note comments on key legislative materials and reforms in the pipeline. | Practice note: overview | Maintained |
| 13 | Pensions tax: overview This practice note gives an overview of the current tax regime for occupational and personal pension schemes, reflecting the simplification measures that were introduced on 6 April 2006. The note summarises the main rules applying to registered pension schemes, including the annual allowance, the lifetime allowance, the availability of tax relief on contributions or accruals and HMRC's requirements for authorised pensions and lump sums. Details are also given of charges levied by HMRC on unauthorised payments. | Practice note: overview | Maintained |
| 14 | Personal insolvency procedures: overview A practice note giving an overview of bankruptcy, individual voluntary arrangements (IVA) and debt relief orders (DRO), enforcement restriction orders, county court administration orders and debt repayment plans. | Practice note: overview | Maintained |
| 15 | Personal insolvency: a quick guide A quick guide to personal insolvency procedures in England and Wales, including bankruptcy and individual voluntary arrangements (IVAs).This is one of a series of quick guides, see Quick guides. | Practice note: overview | Maintained |
| 16 | Pre-October 2010 discrimination law: toolkit This toolkit concerns the discrimination law relating to sex, race, disability, religion or belief, sexual orientation and age that was in force in Great Britain before the Equality Act 2010 took effect on 1 October 2010. The pre-October 2010 discrimination regime is still relevant to some claims progressing through the tribunal system. For information on the Equality Act 2010, see Discrimination under the Equality Act 2010: toolkit. | Practice note: overview | 30-Sep-2010 |
| 17 | Private equity: tax overview Private equity backed transactions cover a variety of arrangements from early funding (venture capital), management buyouts and buy-ins to secondary buyouts. This note provides an overview of the main tax issues that arise in each of these transactions. It also provides an overview of the taxation of private equity funds and executives. | Practice note: overview | Maintained |
| 18 | Setting up a partnership A note of the main issues to be considered on setting up a partnership. | Practice note: overview | Maintained |
| 19 | Stamp duty land tax disclosure: overview This note provides an overview of the stamp duty land tax (SDLT) disclosure regime. | Practice note: overview | Maintained |
| 20 | Tax penalties: overview This overview is one of a series of notes on tax penalties. It provides an introduction to the main penalties that can be imposed and the new consolidated regime for culpable penalties. | Practice note: overview | Maintained |
| 21 | Taxation of termination payments: a quick guide A quick guide to the way termination payments are taxed. This is one of a series of quick guides, see Quick guides. | Practice note: overview | Maintained |
| 22 | VAT disclosure: overview This practice note provides an overview of the value added tax (VAT) disclosure regime, which requires businesses to provide details of certain VAT planning arrangements to HM Revenue & Customs (HMRC). | Practice note: overview | Maintained |
| 23 | VAT rate cut and invoicing: a guide for businesses This is a guide for businesses explaining how the reduction in the standard rate of VAT from 17.5% to 15% from 1 December 2008 affects invoicing. For guidance on the standard rate reverting to 17.5%, which has effect from 1 January 2010, see Practice note: How to deal with the VAT rate increase on 1 January 2010. | Practice note: overview | Maintained |
| 24 | Anti-avoidance case law and tax: Direct taxes and stamp ... This practice note summarises the development of anti-avoidance case law from WT Ramsay v Inland Revenue Commissioners (1982) 54 TC 101 to date. It also includes some practical tips for structuring transactions to reduce the risk of attack by HMRC based on anti-avoidance case law. | Practice notes | Maintained |
| 25 | Anti-avoidance case law and tax: VAT: abuse of rights This practice note summarises the development of anti-avoidance case law from the European Court of Justice's decision in Halifax to date. It also includes some practical tips for structuring transactions to reduce the risk of attack by HMRC based on anti-avoidance case law. | Practice notes | Maintained |
| 26 | Bribery Act 2010 A practice note about the Bribery Act 2010, which received Royal Assent in April 2010 and came into force on 1 July 2011. The background to the Act is described in Practice note, Bribery: law reform. PLC's materials on the Bribery Act are set out in Bribery Act 2010: toolkit. | Practice notes | Maintained |
| 27 | Buying an interest in property: tax Many commercial property transactions are, potentially, liable to direct and indirect taxes. This practice note considers the tax treatment of a property purchase. | Practice notes | Maintained |
| 28 | Capital allowances on property transactions This note summarises the capital allowances that may be available to businesses on property transactions. These include plant and machinery allowances, industrial buildings allowances, business premises renovation allowances and flat conversion allowances. | Practice notes | Maintained |
| 29 | Direct taxes This practice note gives an overview of direct taxes in the UK tax regime. It covers income tax, corporation tax and capital gains tax. It discusses the principles of calculation, rates, payment and compliance, and reliefs (such as capital allowances and research and development (R&D) relief). | Practice notes | Maintained |
| 30 | Disclosure of tax avoidance schemes under DOTAS: direct tax A practice note about the direct tax disclosure regime which requires promoters, and in some cases, users, of certain tax planning arrangements to disclose details of the arrangements to HMRC. | Practice notes | Maintained |
| 31 | DOTAS: regime applicable before 1 August 2006 A practice note about the direct tax disclosure regime applicable before 1 August 2006. NOTE: This resource is being reviewed in light of the 2013 Budget. For more information, see Legal update, 2013 Budget: key business tax announcements. | Practice notes | Maintained |
| 32 | Enhanced capital allowances (ECAs) for investment in ... A summary of the various enhanced capital allowance (ECA) schemes aimed at promoting environmental measures. | Practice notes | Maintained |
| 33 | Execution of deeds and documents Overview of the key legal requirements relating to the execution of deeds and documents under the laws of England and Wales. It reflects the law on execution from 1 October 2009. For details of the law governing execution of deeds and documents before 1 October 2009, see Practice note, Execution of deeds and documents: pre-1 October 2009. | Practice notes | Maintained |
| 34 | Help for residential borrowers struggling with mortgage ... A practice note providing a brief overview of the schemes and guidance available to homeowners who are in arrears with their mortgage repayments and at risk of repossession. | Practice notes | Maintained |
| 35 | How to incorporate a limited liability partnership under the ... This practice note sets out how to incorporate a limited liability partnership (LLP) under the Limited Liability Partnerships Act 2000, the factors to consider when incorporating and the key steps to take post-incorporation. | Practice notes | Maintained |
| 36 | Income tax: anti-avoidance and secondary liability This note is a general summary of the anti-avoidance rules applying for the purposes of UK income tax and the situations in which one person may be liable for income tax primarily chargeable to another person. It also provides links to notes describing other aspects of the UK income tax rules, such as how income is taxed and exemptions from income tax. | Practice notes | Maintained |
| 37 | Income tax: calculation of income profits This note is a general summary of the rules for calculating income for the purposes of UK income tax. It also provides links to notes describing other aspects of the UK income tax rules, such as how income is taxed and exemptions from income tax. | Practice notes | Maintained |
| 38 | Income tax: exemptions and reliefs This note is a general summary of exemptions and relief from UK income tax. It also provides links to notes describing other aspects of the UK income tax rules, such as how income is calculated for income tax purposes and how income is taxed. | Practice notes | Maintained |
| 39 | Income tax: general principles This note is a general summary of the principles underpinning UK income tax. It describes what income is and how it is taxed. It also provides links to notes describing other aspects of the UK income tax rules, such as calculation of income and exemptions from income tax. | Practice notes | Maintained |
| 40 | Income tax: use of losses This note is a general summary of how losses may be used under the UK income tax rules. It also provides links to notes describing other aspects of the UK income tax rules, such as how income is taxed and exemptions from income tax. | Practice notes | Maintained |
| 41 | Intangible property: tax The rules in Part 8 of the Corporation Tax Act 2009 apply to a company's intangible assets. This practice note considers those rules, and how they affect a company's liability to corporation tax. | Practice notes | Maintained |
| 42 | IR35 A note examining the scheme and impact of the IR35 legislation, which was introduced to crack down on a particular form of perceived tax avoidance whereby individuals would seek to avoid paying employee income tax and national insurance contributions by supplying their services through an intermediary and paying themselves in dividends. | Practice notes | Maintained |
| 43 | Limited liability partnerships: names and trading disclosures This note outlines the law regarding a limited liability partnership's (LLP) choice of name and its trading disclosure requirements under the Limited Liability Partnerships (Application of Companies Act 2006) Regulations 2009 (SI 2009/1804) (as amended). It discusses the factors to consider when choosing and registering an LLP name and also the disclosures required on business letters and at the LLP's registered office. | Practice notes | Maintained |
| 44 | Limited liability partnerships: tax The Limited Liability Partnerships Act 2000 is broadly intended to confer tax transparency on limited liability partnerships (LLPs) as is enjoyed by ordinary partnerships. The rules on taxation of partnerships are intended to apply to LLPs and their members. | Practice notes | Maintained |
| 45 | Limited partnerships: tax This practice note examines the various tax issues that arise in relation to limited partnerships, including the tax treatment of partners and the tax consequences of changes in limited partnership interests. | Practice notes | Maintained |
| 46 | Managed service companies A note examining the legal and taxation framework surrounding the use of managed service companies (MSCs). The note also considers the differences between MSCs and personal service companies. | Practice notes | Maintained |
| 47 | Partnerships: tax An overview of the main tax issues to consider when setting up a partnership in England and Wales. | Practice notes | Maintained |
| 48 | PAYE dispensations: a quick guide A quick guide to explain when and why an employer can apply for a dispensation from PAYE reporting. | Practice notes | Maintained |
| 49 | Powers of attorney This practice note examines powers of attorney, in particular, general powers of attorney and their commercial application. It includes links to standard documents for general powers of attorney and specimen execution clauses. For further details on other types of powers of attorney, see Practice note, Lasting powers of attorney and Practice note, Enduring powers of attorney. | Practice notes | Maintained |
| 50 | Professional negligence An outline of the law of professional negligence. This note considers: The requirements for claims in contract and tort. The application of the SAAMCO principle. The Bolam test. Contributory negligence. Contribution. The use by professionals of exclusion clauses to limit liability. | Practice notes | Maintained |
| 51 | Restricting pensions tax relief: anti-forestalling measures This practice note considers the anti-forestalling measures implemented by the previous government in the Finance Act 2009 in advance of its abortive plans to restrict tax relief on pension saving for high-income individuals. The anti-forestalling measures only applied to pensions tax relief claimed in the 2009/10 and 2010/11 tax years. | Practice notes | Maintained |
| 52 | Salary sacrifice arrangements This practice note is a guide to the use of salary and bonus sacrifice arrangements. | Practice notes | Maintained |
| 53 | Stamp duty This note considers the practical impact of stamp duty on commercial transactions. NOTE: This resource is being reviewed in light of the 2013 Budget. For more information, see Legal update, 2013 Budget: key business tax announcements. | Practice notes | Maintained |
| 54 | Stamp duty land tax This practice note considers the practical impact of stamp duty land tax in the context of commercial transactions. | Practice notes | Maintained |
| 55 | Stock transfer form This practice note explains when a stock transfer form is required, and provides details on how to complete the form. For a stock transfer form that can be edited and saved to your desktop, please see Standard document, Stock transfer form. | Practice notes | Maintained |
| 56 | Tax data for individuals and trustees A note containing links to tax data of interest to individual taxpayers and trustees (including personal representatives). It covers rates, allowances and time limits for inheritance tax, capital gains tax, income tax and stamp taxes, and tax limits that apply to registered pension schemes and individual savings accounts. It includes links to interest rates on tax paid late and tax overpaid. | Practice notes | Maintained |
| 57 | Tax on chargeable gains: general principles This note is a general summary of the UK rules applying to the taxation of chargeable gains. It describes what chargeable gains are, what assets are affected, when disposals arise, the way in which gains are calculated and the manner in which they are taxed, exceptions from taxation, anti-avoidance rules and how allowable losses may be used. This note is intended as a general overview, so you should be aware that the tax treatment in a particular case may differ from the general position described in this note. | Practice notes | Maintained |
| 58 | Tax rates and limits This practice note provides tax data and tables for tax years including 2009-10, 2010-11, 2011-12 and 2012-13 in relation to capital allowances, capital gains tax, corporation tax, stamp duty, SDLT, SDRT and VAT. | Practice notes | Maintained |
| 59 | Taxation of employees This note considers the effect of income tax and national insurance contributions on income earned by employees in the UK. | Practice notes | Maintained |
| 60 | Taxation of termination payments An overview of the way in which payments made to employees on termination of their employment are taxed. | Practice notes | Maintained |
| 61 | Trusts in commercial transactions The trust is widely admired and recognised in many jurisdictions around the world. Although primarily used by individuals, they also have a wide variety of applications in a commercial context. This practice note provides an introduction to trusts and trustees and considers some commercial applications of trusts. | Practice notes | Maintained |
| 62 | Value added tax Value added tax (VAT) is a tax on supplies of goods and services made by a taxable person in the course or furtherance of a business. It is administered by HM Revenue & Customs. This note covers the VAT position on standard-rated supplies, exempt supplies, zero-rated supplies and supplies that are outside the scope of VAT. | Practice notes | Maintained |
| 63 | VAT and property: transferring a business as a going concern A practice note providing a brief summary of the operation of the rules governing the transfer of a business as a going concern where the assets transferred include land and buildings. | Practice notes | Maintained |